An Evolution Definition of Darwinism

Charles Darwin is known as the Father of Evolution for being the first person to publish his theory not only describing that evolution was a change in species over time but also put together a mechanism for how it works (called natural selection). There is arguably no other evolutionary scholar as well known and revered as Darwin. In fact, the term Darwinism has come to be synonymous with the Theory of Evolution, but what really is meant when people say the word Darwinism? And more importantly, what does Darwinism NOT mean? The Coining of the Term Darwinism, when it was first put into the lexicon by Thomas Huxley in 1860, was only meant to describe the belief that species change over time. In the most basic of terms, Darwinism became synonymous with Charles Darwins explanation of evolution and, to an extent, his description of natural selection. These ideas, first published in his arguably most famous book On the Origin of Species, were direct and have stood the test of time. So, originally, Darwinism only included the fact that species change over time due to nature selecting the most favorable adaptations within the population. These individuals with the better adaptations lived long enough to reproduce and pass those traits down to the next generation, ensuring the species survival. The Evolution of Darwinism While many scholars insist this should be the extent of information that the word Darwinism should encompass, it has somewhat evolved itself over time as the Theory of Evolution itself also changed when more data and information became readily available. For instance, Darwin did not know anything about Genetics as it wasnt until after his death that Gregor Mendel did his work with his pea plants and published the data. Many other scientists proposed alternative mechanisms for evolution during a time which became known as neo-Darwinism. However, none of these mechanisms held up over time and Charles Darwins original assertions were restored as the correct and leading Theory of Evolution. Now, the Modern Synthesis of the Evolutionary Theory is sometimes described using the term Darwinism, but this is somewhat misleading since it includes not only Genetics but also other topics not explored by Darwin like microevolution via DNA mutations and other molecular biological tenets. What Darwinism Is NOT In the United States, Darwinism has taken on a different meaning to the general public. In fact, opponents to the Theory of Evolution have taken the term Darwinism and created a false definition of the word that brings up a negative connotation for many who hear it. The strict Creationists have taken the word hostage and created a new meaning which is often perpetuated by those in the media and others who do not truly understand the real meaning of the word. These anti-evolutionists have taken the word Darwinism to not only mean a change in species over time but have lumped in the origin of life along with it. Darwin did not assert any sort of hypothesis on how life on Earth began in any of this writings and only could describe what he had studied and had evidence to back up. Creationists and other anti-evolutionary parties either misunderstood the term Darwinism or purposefully hijacked it to make it more negative. The term has even been used to describe the origin of the universe b y some extremists, which is way beyond the realm of anything Darwin would have made a conjecture on at any time in his life. In other countries around the world, however, this false definition is not present. In fact, in the United Kingdom where Darwin did most of his work, it is a celebrated and understood term that is commonly used instead of the Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection. There is no ambiguity of the term there and it is used correctly by scientists, the media, and the general public every day.

Literature Review Air Pollution Dispersion Modelling

LITERATURE REVIEW AIR POLLUTION DISPERSION MODELLING TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2. Air pollutants and control of gases†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3. Air pollutants: particles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4. Mobile sources†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 5. Measurement of gases and particles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 6. Concentration and deposition†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7. Meteorology and Modelling†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8. Analysis of an air quality data set†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9. Indoor air quality †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10. Mitigation of air pollution: The role of vegetation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...... 11. Effects on plants visual range and materials†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12. Responses of human and other animals†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 13. Greenhouse gases and climate change†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 14. Ozone depletion and ultraviolet radiation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 15. Standards and legislation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 16. Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 17. References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. TABLE OF FIGURES INTRODUCTION Nowadays pollution is the major cause across all the cities in the world and it is not by heavy industries but one of its products – the motor car. Car is usually considered as our lifestyle product. However, the rapid growth of the world’s motor-vehicle fleet due to growth of population and improvement of economic level, the expansion of metropolitan areas and increasing dependence on motor-vehicles because of changes in land use has resulted in an increase in fraction of the population living and working in close proximity toShow MoreRelatedDescription Of The Prototype Model2754 Words   |  12 PagesSchematic Line Diagram of the Prototype Model Introduction: Various types of emissions are expelled from automotive engines which in turn cause to propagate/emit different pollutants into the atmosphere and cause environmental pollution [45].The main cause of air pollution is the increasing use of fossil fuels which also has a major contibution to global warming. The excessive emissions has led to the depletion of ozone layer. When the fuels such as pertroleum or diesel burn inside the engine, theRead MoreMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words   |  463 Pagesmerged banks The new merged bank A low P/E ratio for the stock of national bank Conclusion 42 42 43 50 53 54 5 Corporate Diversification: The Costs and Benefits of Synergy Felipe Balmaceda 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Introduction Related literature The model The analysis Robustness Conclusion 56 56 58 60 64 67 73 6 The Influence of MAs on Firm Value: The Turkish Experience M. Nihat Solakog lu and Mehmet Orhan ˘ 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Data and methodology 6.3 Discussion of results

The Social protection and poverty reduction - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: 1. Ensure your main idea is clear.? 2. Engage the reader by using personal anecdotes ? 3. Effectively use dialogue to help the reader understand your subject ? 4. Support your reflections with personal observations and reasoning ? 5.Clearly, document sources using Harvard referencing style Answer: Introduction The essay gives an insight into five reflective in response to five learning videos. Each video is centered on specific theme related to global issues such as poverty, unemployment, health issues and ethics in business fashion. For each video link, the essay explores critical theme presented in the video and the impact of the video in making awareness about ethical concepts and strategies to tackle different issues. Answer 1 The video by Cotton On Foundation (2013) highlights the important areas of focus that could address the issue of poverty in the world. The manager of Cotton on Foundation expressed in the video about how they have changed the lives of people in Southern Uganda and educated more and more number of people as part of the Global Poverty Project. The video centers around the theme of global poverty and this essay critical evaluate the action of the foundation in addressing poverty in different parts of the world. The action of the Cotton on Foundation in the video has revealed that stigmatization of people and poor awareness about health information has also increasesd problems of people living in poverty. For this reason, their Spike the fifth army campaign was highly successful as it gave the message to large number of youngster to reduce stigma and raise awareness regarding mental health. To support people living in poverty and redevelop health facilities, funds were also raised by Run Australia campaign. Investments were also done in Indiana for better health facilities (Cotton On Foundation 2013). The strength of the video is that it makes the point regarding how health component is effective as part of poverty reduction strategy. The focus on educating more number of people is also considered an effective step because equitable and inclusive quality education has the potential to eradicate poverty (Kamepalli and Pattanayak 2015). The video gives the lesson that providing equitable education and health services can improve sufferings of people living in poverty. From the ethical perspective too, equal access to health and education is necessary for all irrespective of their background. Evidence has showed that high out-of-school rate in adolescent is seen mainly due to poverty (Heyneman, and Lee 2016). Hence, improving opportunities for education could be one area that can give good employment opportunities to youths and facilitate global advocacy for poverty. Answer 2 The video by Cotton on Foundation (2013) gives an insight into their contribution in sustainable projects and engaging the community particularly farmers in Mannya village, Southern Uganda in sustainable farming. To fulfill the mission of sustainable project, the Cotton on Foundation bought hundreds of acres of land and planted coffee and cocoa plants thus building the infrastructure for sustainable farms. The strength of this initiative is that it has empowered local farmers in generating income and employment as well promoting their health and well-being. This essay gives a critical discussion on the impact of videos and its role in developing ethical concepts. The video by Cotton on Foundation (2013) is considered useful because it is raising awareness about the importance of sustainable farming in promoting stability of farmers and giving them better quality of life. The video showed that after the education of farmers in Manny village regarding sustainable farming, coffees and chocolates are now produced ethically. The video can have good impact on audiences because it makes solid point that sustainable farming not only protects the environment but also enables farmers to gain stability in their earnings (Wezel et al. 2014). It can promote engagement in agro-ecological practice. Hence, the values and norms associated with agriculture and food system can reduces food related hazards for health stakeholders. The ethics in agriculture is related to following all norms and values in the process of farming, food processing, trade and distribution (Thompson 2017). The video gives an insight into the ethics of farming and how alternative farming practices can increase income as well as health of humans. The key implication of this video is that policy makers can promote the concept of sustainable agriculture so that more and more farmers engage in sustainable farming. There is a need to implement more number of sustainable projects in the future so that more number of farmers get the resource and learning needed to improve the quality of their life. Answer 3 The video by Cotton On Foundation (2013) is a useful documentary as it has shown how mission impossible village like Mannya can also transform into a high activity centre if correct move is taken to empower people and eradicate all those factors that lead to poverty. The foundation tries to reflect their useful contribution to eradicating poverty in Mannya village, Uganda by stating that about the plight of people living in Mannya. The community was ravaged by HIV/AIDS and other health issues, very small percentage passed their final schools exams. Children had to walks miles for unsafe water and the future of the community was very uncertain. This essay examines the actions taken by Cotton On Foundation to improve lives of people in Mannya and gives discussion on key learning from the video. Cotton on Foundation could focus on transforming Mannya into high buzzing activity by getting help from thousands of their customers. 100% of all the proceeds from the sale of water bottles, bracelets and bags went in improving lives of people in community. Inspired by the Millenium Development Goals, the Foundation paid special emphasis on providing better health, education, infrastructure and sustainability to people in Mannya (Cotton On Foundation 2013). By examining the foundations action, it can be said that they took the most ethical steps to make health services available to those most in need. Secondly, schools were built, infrastructure was developed and new job opportunities were provided. Hence, it is moving towards the right direction to realize the goal of living life free from poverty by 2020. Poverty mainly results due to inequality in resources, opportunities and services. The key learning from the video is that it gave insight that the right approach to eradicating poverty is eliminating inequality in all areas of life such as education, employment, health and infrastructure (Fiszbein, Kanbur and Yemtsov 2014). Poverty eradication initiatives requires large number of investments and NGOs and private and public organization should come together to solve poverty on local level. For low income countries, the video can have implications in successfully implementing social protection programs. Answer 4 The video by GenConnect U (2013) brings forward the important point that business organization can build shareholder value not only by addressing the needs of the shareholders, but also by looking at the community served by the company. Through the words of Starbucks CEO, Howard Schultz, the video summarizes the ethos adapted by Howard Schultz that helped him to fulfill corporate social responsibility in his business. The essay analyzes the actions of Howard and the importance of corporate social responsibility to conduct business in an ethical manner. Howard Schultz had described in the video that his business model centered not only around achieving balance between making profit and shareholder value, but also by focusing on benevolent activities for employees and the community (GenConnect U 2013). Hence, creating value for people can help in creating shareholder value too. The ethical dimension that is clearly seen from the video is that it emphasizes on the fact that taking sustainable and innovative approach to benefit the society is part of business ethics (Tai and Chuang 2014). If entrepreneurs want to apply ethics in their business, they must focus on implementing strategies that help fulfill social responsibility in business. This will help them to behave as good corporate citizen and create good public image of the company. As per the documentary on the action taken by Starbucks CEO, the video tries to make the point that success of business organization is dependent not only on fulfilling shareholder value, but also by bringing improvement in lives of people and community. Ethical behavior can be shown by companies by focusing on protecting environment while making strategic choices for business. The key business benefits that companies can get from corporate social responsibility includes better chances of retaining staff, building positive business reputation, effective brand recognition, increased sales and customer loyalty. Hence, regardless of the size and sector of business, entrepreneurs can make individual plans to promote social responsibility in their business. Answer 5 In the era of globalization and production of high street fashion product, the video by Pumpkin Interactive (2011) highlights the working conditions of people in textile industries. Bangladeshis are working in large numbers in textile industries and they get only one-fifth of the pay compared to US or Europe workers. Such huge difference is the reason for more number of clothing retailers to come to Bangladeshi workers for manufacturing their products. Multinational companies are increasing their profit margins by manufacturing their products from Bangladesh (Pumpkin Interactive 2011). Therefore, the video tries to bring the point that ethical issues in fashion also exist because of inequality in payment given to workers manufacturing high end fashion products. This essay further examines the ethics related to business in the textile industries and the implication of such move in the future. To promote sustainability and social responsibility in the textile and fashion industries, there is a need to focus on domestic issues of textile industry. Based on the evidence of the poor working condition and payment given to Bangladeshi workers working in textile industries, stakeholders in this industry should take notice of this issue and take the responsibility to improve the conditions of workers. This can be done by implementing innovative personnel policies and having common goal for production activities. All staffs should be paid equally based on the effort they put in manufacturing their products, and not on the basis of their local background. Regulating the internal operations of textile industry may help to negotiate price and promote satisfaction of workers in textile industries (Pedersen, Gwozdz and Hvass 2016). The video by Pumpkin Interactive (2011) has summarized the globalization issues in the fashion industry because of unequal payment for workers. By showcasing the plight of Bangladeshi workers, the video proved how far some else is suffering on the cost of profit and revenue for others. Hence, there is a need for social responsibility related to working conditions of staffs in textile industry too. Conclusion The report has summarized about ethical concepts and key strategies presented in five learning videos. The reflective essays makes the point that with examples from strategic steps taken to address poverty, unemployment and ethical issues in specific context, other people also get the awareness to bring changes in lives of vulnerable people. Recommendation The key implications from the video is that any global issue like poverty or employment occurs due to ethical issues like inequality of distribution of resource and opportunities to vulnerable group. It is recommended that NGOs and social work organization should work to identify injustice done to vulnerable group and take actions to provide equal resource to improve quality of living of vulnerable people. Reference Cotton On Foundation 2013. COTTON ON FOUNDATION: WE EMPOWER, WE END POVERTY.YouTube. Retrieved 16 January 2018, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aY_9Y527LVM Cotton On Foundation 2013.2013 Cotton On Foundation wrap up - Thank You. YouTube. Retrieved 16 January 2018, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L6KKXXuXuS8 Cotton On Foundation 2013.You Sip, We Sow: Cotton On Foundation Coffee Project. YouTube. Retrieved 16 January 2018, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bupv47wNN3A Fiszbein, A., Kanbur, R. and Yemtsov, R., 2014. Social protection and poverty reduction: global patterns and some targets.World Development,61, pp.167-177. GenConnect U 2013.Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz on Social Responsibility. YouTube. Retrieved 16 January 2018, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHIoK4LviCc Heyneman, S.P. and Lee, B., 2016. International organizations and the future of education assistance.International Journal of Educational Development,48, pp.9-22. Kamepalli, L.B. and Pattanayak, S.K., 2015. From Millennium to Sustainable Development Goals and need for institutional restructuring.Current Science,108(6), p.1043. Pedersen, E.R.G., Gwozdz, W. and Hvass, K.K., 2016. Exploring the relationship between business model innovation, corporate sustainability, and organisational values within the fashion industry.Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-18. Pumpkin Interactive 2011. Issues in Globalisation: How Fair is Fashion? (Preview).YouTube. Retrieved 16 January 2018, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YAUvDmMGMI Tai, F.M. and Chuang, S.H., 2014. Corporate social responsibility.Ibusiness,6(03), p.117. Thompson, P.B., 2017.The spirit of the soil: Agriculture and environmental ethics. Taylor Francis. Wezel, A., Casagrande, M., Celette, F., Vian, J.F., Ferrer, A. and Peign, J., 2014. Agroecological practices for sustainable agriculture. A review.Agronomy for sustainable development,34(1), pp.1-20.

Tourist Destinations in the Mediterranean Region

Introduction The economic development of the Mediterranean region is strongly dependent on the inflow of tourist. In various countries such as Italy, Egypt, Spain, Turkey, or Greece, many people are employed in organizations that are directly or indirectly dependent on the flow on the degree to which a certain destination is attractive to travelers.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Tourist Destinations in the Mediterranean Region specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More At present, governmental organizations and private companies attempt to find ways of attracting people from foreign countries. In turn, this study will be aimed at examining the way in which tourist destinations in the Mediterranean region can be economically affected by the power of travel agencies. This question has practical applications. In particular, by understanding the role of travel agencies, the managers of other hospitality institutions can b etter attract clients. Rationale There are several rationales for conducting this study. First of all, the power of travel agencies has not been fully examined. For example, researchers focus on the ways in which the popularity of a certain tourist destination can be increased. Numerous studies have been aimed at examining the factors that affect the development of tourist industry (Izquierdo-Yusta MartÄ ±nez-Ruiz, 2011, p. 77). Much attention is usually paid to infrastructure, the presence of natural or cultural websites, the development of tourist industry and other factors. However, the role of travel agencies has not been fully examined. For instance, there are studies which show why a certain place can attract the attention of travel agencies. Nevertheless, there are no data which can show how these organizations can shape the development of a tourist destination. Therefore, there is some knowledge that should be bridged. Additionally, this issue has significant practical imp lications. At present, many policy-makers and managers of hospitality institutions attempt to increase international awareness about different tourist site. Definition and terms First of all, one should provide the definition of a travel agency because in this way, one can gain a better understanding of the functions that such an organization performs.Advertising Looking for proposal on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Overall, travel agency can be described as a service company that act as an intermediary between tourists and other hospitality institutions such as hotels, airlines, restaurants, or cruise liners. Additionally, these organizations provide information to clients about a particular tourist detonation. It is also important to mention such a term of destination branding. This notion can be understood as the development and communication of the value that a certain tourist destination can bring to a client. Additionally, this process involves the positioning of a certain country, region or resort in the tourist market (Del Chiappa Bregoli, 2012, p. 52). For instance, some tourist sites are oriented toward middle-income people while others are more suitable for prosperous clients. In turn, travel agencies also take part in the process of destination branding. Literature review The main goal of this literature review is to examine academic sources which throw light on the functioning of travel agencies. It is vital to focus on the studies which can demonstrate that these organizations can influence the economic performance of tourist destinations. Apart from that, this literature review should demonstrate the importance of these service companies for the Mediterranean region. Finally, much attention should be paid to the methodology that can be used for the future study. Therefore, it is critical to examine the research articles that can show how dependent and independent variables can be examined and measured. To a great extent, the research will be based on the notion of destination branding (Jalilvand, Esfahani Samiei, 2010, p. 235-236). As it has been said in the previous section, this notion can be described as the communication of value that a tourist site can bring to customers (Gil-Saura, Molina Berenguer-Contri, 2012, p. 315). To some degree, travel agencies take part in the formation of clients’ perceptions and attitudes toward a certain tourist site. In many cases, buyers pay attention to the reputation of a travel agency (Ferencovà ¡, 2012, p. 309). Therefore, they can significantly increase the popularity of a destination. In turn, it is possible to say that their involvement can affect economic performance of various countries. In particular, one can speak about such indicators as book reservations in hotels, employment, investment, the profitability of airlines, and other economic indicators. These are the main issues that sh ould be examined more closely.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Tourist Destinations in the Mediterranean Region specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the whole, travel agencies pay attention to various characteristics while selecting which tourist destination should be promoted. In particular, they focus on the presence of natural or cultural sites, climate, service industry in a particular region, infrastructure, and security (PrebeÃ… ¾ac Mikulić, 2008, p. 170; Blà ¡zquez, Molina, Esteban, 2012, p. 167). In other words, they are particular interested in those locations that can offer various opportunities to clients. This is one of the main issues that can be identified. Apart from that, the governments of developing countries are extremely concerned about the attitudes of travel agencies since they can influence the decisions of customers (Mariutti, de Moura Engracia Giraldi Crescitelli, 2013, p. 17). In this way, they attempt to boost the economic development of various regions. One should take into consideration that travel agencies help clients learn more about various characteristics of a tourist destination. This is one of the main points that can be made. The study carried out by Iris Mihajlović (2012, p. 153) suggests that travel agencies can profoundly affect the choices of consumers by highlighting the advantages of going to a particular country, region, or resort. Secondly, they can provide an evaluation of the service industry in a certain destination as well as its most popular attractions. In other words, these organizations can be viewed as the major intermediaries between a customer and service providers. Furthermore, customers are more likely to put trust in the recommendations or assessments offered by travel agencies. This is why the role of these companies should not be overlooked. This issue is particular important for entrepreneurs and policy-makers. Mor eover, one can look at the research conducted by Dimitrios Buhalist (2000). This scholar shows that the performance of many hospitality organizations is affected by the distribution channels, especially travel agencies (Buhalist, 2000, p. 114). This study suggests that the hospitality organizations, which are based on the Mediterranean region, have to accept the power of travel agencies. It should be kept in mind that they can reduce the perceived risk that can be experienced by clients (Buhalist, 2000, p. 115). Moreover, they can facilitate the communication between customers and eventual suppliers of service (Buhalist, 2000, p. 115). Provided that this link is absent, a client is not likely to go to a tourist destination.Advertising Looking for proposal on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from that, travel agencies offer many supplementary services related to insurance or obtaining visas. This assistance is of critical importance to many people. Overall, findings of researchers indicate that the competitive position of a hotel depends on its cooperation with tour operators (Buhalist, 2000, p. 136). The role of travel agencies becomes more important at the time when information technology becomes more and more developed. In particular, many consumers rely on Internet when they search for information about various resorts, tourist sites, or airlines (Mihajlović, 2012, pp. 153-156). Very often, they use the website of travel agencies. This example indicates that travel agencies are critical for attracting clients. Overall, there are other studies that are aimed at determining the choices of customers who want to travel to the Mediterranean resorts. For instance, Izquierdo-Yusta and MartÄ ±nez-Ruiz (2011, p. 78) note that travel agencies facilitate customersâ €™ search for information. They help customers and suppliers to establish mutual trust (Izquierdo-Yusta MartÄ ±nez-Ruiz, 2011, p. 80). In turn, tourist destinations are not likely to enjoy popularity among people provided that travel agents do not pay attention to them. Furthermore, these organizations can demonstrate that a certain resort is suitable for various types of clients who can differ in terms of income level, marital status, interest, values, and so forth. This is one of the main issues that should be singled out. Therefore, it is possible to say that travel agencies can significantly increase the profitability of airlines or hotels that can be based in a particular tourist destination. As it has been noted before, these organizations interact with various types of companies that are located in a particular tourist destination. These organizations can bring several economic benefits to a particular region or country. First of all, they can increase international awa reness about a certain tourist destination. In turn, it will lead to the greater inflow of travelers, growing number of room reservation, increasing investment into infrastructure, and creation of jobs. Furthermore, the increasing inflow of tourists can stimulate the demand for food, beverages, and many other products that travelers can purchase. Thus, these organizations can strengthen various industries. In contrast, the absence of their participation can eventually result in the downturn of economic activities in this particular destination. There are several negative challenges that can be compared. First of all, one should speak about decreasing awareness about a certain country place or region. Moreover, one can speak about the declining passenger turnover in a country and diminishing demand for various products and services. This argument is particularly relevant to different companies like airlines, restaurants, supermarkets and many others. Thus, this process can affect bus inesses that represent different industries. Therefore, a country in which tourism plays an important part can be adversely influenced by travel agencies. This is the main argument that can be put forward. There are various studies which highlight the importance of travel agencies. For example, the study carried out by Martina Ferencovà ¡ (2012) indicate that in various European countries, at least 20 percent of the population rely on travel agencies while selecting a place for holidays (Ferencovà ¡, 2012, p. 311). This situation can be observed in other European countries. This is why the role of travel agencies should not be overlooked. Additionally, there are several examples suggesting that the development of tourism in a country is directly dependent on the degree to which tour operators are aware about a tourist destination. For instance, there are many natural and cultural sites in the Balkans; however, these sites do not attract a great number of tourist foreign tour opera tors and travel agents are not familiar about them (Mulec Wise, 2012, pp. 182-183). This is one of the main problems that policy-makers in this country attempt to overcome. Thus, one can say that some policy-makers and researchers accept the idea that travel agencies can shape the economic performance of a tourist destination. It should be taken into account that various Mediterranean countries compete with one another in effort to increase their market share (Patsouratis, Frangouli Anastasopoulos, 2005, p. 1865). One should not suppose that the performance of tourist destination is affected only by travel agencies. Researchers argue the exchange rate can be a powerful factor that shapes the purchasing decisions of clients (Patsouratis et al. 2005, p. 1865). Furthermore, the competiveness of the tourist industry depends on its ability of various companies to make use of information technology (Burgess et al., 2011, p. 221). Additionally, one should not forget about the environment al policies of the government (Selwyn, 2008, p. 93). These factors also play an important role. These are the main limitations that can be identified. They indicate that the development of tourist industry can be viewed as a combination of various external and internal factors that are related to political system, economic stability, or cultural heritage. Therefore, it is not reasonable to disregard opposing views according to which travel agencies play only the role of facilitators. This is one of the main limitations that should be considered. Overall, this problem can be examined in both qualitative and quantitative way. First of all, it is critical to study the way in which travel agencies can present information about various tourist sites in the Mediterranean region. Overall, one should concentrate on the efforts of these organizations to promote a particular city, country or region as place that can attract travelers. This will be the independent variable of research. In turn , there are specific characteristics which can be used to evaluate the competitiveness of a particular destination. It is necessary to focus on tourism participation index, the number of tourists, the financial performance of airlines, or hotels (Navickas Malakauskait ,2009, p. 41). In turn, the practices of travel agencies and other companies can be examined with the help of qualitative research methods, such as a semi-structured interview (Milman, 2001, p. 66). This strategy can help a researcher examine the opinions of respondents and understand various nuances of their practices. These are the main dependent variables that should be examined. To a great extent, this literature review suggests that travel agencies have the capacity to influence tourist destinations. Nevertheless, it is critical to focus on the particular region and the role that travel agencies play in it. Furthermore, it is gather valid empirical evidence that can substantiate the hypothesis postulated in this study. These are the main tasks that should be addressed. Research methodology Theoretical Framework This study will be based on the model of value chain which is widely used in different economic and marketing studies. According to this concept, different agents work on the development of products and services, and in this way, they increase the perceived value of goods for clients. Similar principles can be applied to tourist destinations. As it has been shown in the literature review, travel agencies can increase or diminish the perceived value of a tourist site for clients. Provided that they do not act as a part of value chain, the attractiveness of a country, region, or city can decline. Research design This study will include a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. First of all, in the course of this project, I will interview a wide range of professionals who are related to the tourist industry. This step is necessary to analyze the activities of trave l agencies and their interactions with other businesses. Furthermore, the research will involve the examination of statistical information that can throw light on the economic performance of different tourist destinations. Method The qualitative information will be collected with the help of semi-structured interviews. This technique will be used to derive the responses of various professionals related to tourism industry. This method is beneficial because it enables a researcher to elicit clear and detailed answers. These answers are crucial for understanding the strategies of travel agencies and their interactions with other companies. Additionally, it is critical to analyze statistical data related to the economic performance of tourist destination in the Mediterranean region. Population and Sampling In the course of this study, I will interview hotel managers, educators, and experts who can explain the functioning of travel agencies. The sample of this study will be from 50 to 1 00 respondents. The size of this sample is sufficient enough for understanding the trends in the tourism industry. I will rely on non-random sampling, and this approach implies that the participants should be selected according to certain criteria. In this case, the main criterion will be the expertise of respondent and his/her work experience. This approach is suitable when it is necessary to understand the trends emerging in a certain industry (Black, 2009, p. 222). Data Collection Instruments In this study, I will develop a questionnaire that will be used during the interviews. It will contain open-ended questions that will prompt the participants to discuss the practices of travel agencies and their impact on tourist destinations in the Mediterranean region. Role of the Researcher I will attempt to act as a facilitator who will try to clarify the responses of the participants. It is necessary to make sure that the interviewees can calmly elaborate their views on the economic pow er of travel agencies. Data analysis technique While analyzing the qualitative data, I will have to identify the main themes that are of great concern to scholars. The first step is to codify the data and single out the main topics examined during the interviews. Furthermore, it will be critical to identify the main arguments of these professionals. Reliability and Validity This study will have a limited external validity because it can be applicable mostly to the tourist destination located in the Mediterranean region. However, its internal validity will be strong because it will be based on the evidence provided by professionals who are directly familiar with the functioning of travel agencies in this region. In turn, the reliability of this research can be increased by asking various follow-up questions that can increase the clarity of respondents’ answers. Moreover, it is necessary to use a tape-recorder to make sure that the words of interviewees are not misinterpreted. Reference List Black, K. (2009). Business Statistics: Contemporary Decision Making. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. Blà ¡zquez, J., Molina, A., Esteban, à . (2012). Key quality attributes according to the tourist product. European Journal Of Tourism Research, 5(2), 166-170. Buhalist, D. (2000). Relationships in the Distribution Channel of Tourism: Conflicts Between Hoteliers and Tour Operators in the Mediterranean Region. Global Alliances In Tourism Hospitality Management, 1(1), 113-139. Burgess, S., Sellitto, C., Cox, C., Buultjens, J. (2011). Trust perceptions of online travel information by different content creators: Some social and legal implications. Information Systems Frontiers, 13(2), 221-235. Del Chiappa, G. Bregoli, I. (2012). Destination Branding Development: Linking Supply-Side and Demand-Side Perspectives. In R. Tsiotsou R. Goldsmith (Eds.), Strategic Marketing in Tourism Services (pp. 51-63). New York, NY: Emerald Group Publishing. Ferencovà ¡, M. (2012). Tra vel Agency and its Image — Factor Influencing the Attitude of Tourism Client towards the Choice of a Holiday Package. International Journal Of Business Social Science, 3(19), 309-316. Gil-Saura, I., Molina, M.E. Berenguer-Contri, G. (2012). Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism: A Comparison for Travel Agents. In R. Tsiotsou R. Goldsmith (Eds.), Strategic Marketing in Tourism Services (pp. 299-321). New York, NY: Emerald Group Publishing. Izquierdo-Yusta, A., MartÄ ±nez-Ruiz, M. (2011). Assessing the consumer’s choice of purchase channel in the tourism sector: Evidence from Spain. EuroMed Journal of Business, 6 (1), 77-99. Jalilvand, M., Esfahani, S., Samiei, N. (2010). Destination Branding and Tourists’ Attitudes (The Case of Isfahan as a Tourism Destination in Iran). International Journal Of Marketing Studies, 2(2), 235-244. Mariutti, F., de Moura Engracia Giraldi, J., Crescitelli, E. (2013). The Image of Brazil as a Tourism Destination: An Exploratory Study of the American Market. International Journal Of Business Administration, 4(1), 13-22. Mihajlović, I. (2012). The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as a Key Factor of Tourism Development on the Role of Croatian Travel Agencies. International Journal Of Business Social Science, 3(24), 151-159. Milman, A. (2001). Hospitality and Tourism Curriculum Development: A Qualitative Case-Study Approach. Journal Of Teaching In Travel Tourism, 1(4), 65-76. Mulec, I., Wise, N. (2012). Foreign Tour Operators and Travel Agents Knowledge of a Potential Tourism Destination: The Vojvodina Region of Serbia. Managing Global Transitions: International Research Journal, 10(2), 171-187. Navickas, V., Malakauskaite, A. (2009). The Possibilities for the Identification and Evaluation of Tourism Sector Competitiveness Factors. Engineering Economics, 61(1), 37-44. Patsouratis, V., Frangouli, Z., Anastasopoulos, G. (2005). Competition in Tourism among the Med iterranean Countries. Applied Economics, 37(16), 1865-1870. PrebeÃ… ¾ac, D., Mikulić, J. (2008). Destination image and key drivers of perceived destination attractiveness. Market, 20(2), 163-178. Selwyn, T. (2008). Tourism and the Environment in the Mediterranean. Suomen  Antropologi: Journal Of The Finnish Anthropological Society, 33(4), 91-95. This proposal on Tourist Destinations in the Mediterranean Region was written and submitted by user Nathaly G. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sound Versus Space Essays - Acoustics, Sound, Hearing, Qualia, Waves

Sound Versus Space Very simply, sound is the vibration of any substance. The substance can be air, water, wood, or any other material, and in fact the only place in which sound cannot travel is a vacuum. When these substances vibrate, or rapidly move back and forth, they produce sound. As described in the How We Perceive Sound: The Ear section, our ears gather these vibrations and allow us to interpret them. To be a little more accurate in our definition of sound, however, we must realize that the vibrations that produce sound are not the result of an entire volume moving back and forth at once. If that were the case, the entire atmosphere would need to shift for any sound to be made at all! Instead, the vibrations occur among the individual molecules of the substance, and the vibrations move through the substance in sound waves. As sound waves travel through the material, each molecule hits another and returns to its original position. The result is that regions of the medium become alternately more dense, when they are called condensations, and less dense, when they are called rarefactions. Bibliography Very simply, sound is the vibration of any substance. The substance can be air, water, wood, or any other material, and in fact the only place in which sound cannot travel is a vacuum. When these substances vibrate, or rapidly move back and forth, they produce sound. As described in the How We Perceive Sound: The Ear section, our ears gather these vibrations and allow us to interpret them. To be a little more accurate in our definition of sound, however, we must realize that the vibrations that produce sound are not the result of an entire volume moving back and forth at once. If that were the case, the entire atmosphere would need to shift for any sound to be made at all! Instead, the vibrations occur among the individual molecules of the substance, and the vibrations move through the substance in sound waves. As sound waves travel through the material, each molecule hits another and returns to its original position. The result is that regions of the medium become alternately more dense, when they are called condensations, and less dense, when they are called rarefactions. Very simply, sound is the vibration of any substance. The substance can be air, water, wood, or any other material, and in fact the only place in which sound cannot travel is a vacuum. When these substances vibrate, or rapidly move back and forth, they produce sound. As described in the How We Perceive Sound: The Ear section, our ears gather these vibrations and allow us to interpret them. To be a little more accurate in our definition of sound, however, we must realize that the vibrations that produce sound are not the result of an entire volume moving back and forth at once. If that were the case, the entire atmosphere would need to shift for any sound to be made at all! Instead, the vibrations occur among the individual molecules of the substance, and the vibrations move through the substance in sound waves. As sound waves travel through the material, each molecule hits another and returns to its original position. The result is that regions of the medium become alternately more dense, when they are called condensations, and less dense, when they are called rarefactions. hhhhhhhhi iedidi di diid diiid34 Physics

Organizational Communication Process

Organizational Communication Process Introduction In any company, effective communication is very important because it ensures smooth running of the day to day affairs. Transmission of positive information is majorly not an issue because people are always receptive of good message, and the channels of communication are not strained in delivering the message.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Organizational Communication Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, it is not always that the company will be in harmony of each person’s actions, and a time will come when a negative message has to be passed on to one or more employees. Negative messages spread faster than positive messages therefore; every company should take control of its communication channels to ensure that information is released procedurally and to the right people only. This is because if the wrong people get the information then the reputation as well as performance of the company will be at jeopardy. In this regard, PC+ has to incorporate communication channels that would not give their competitors a competitive advantage and threaten their command in the market. Problem Statement There has been a communication breakdown between the sales manager, Leslie Jones, and the sales agents in Melbourne as regards the delay of the order that Coverpoint had placed. The weakness of communication channels is also manifested by the time that it takes to for the sales manager to discover that the order has not yet been delivered, as well as the direction from which the information of non-delivery is coming from. It is expected that Leslie should discover that the order has not been delivered before his boss discovers so, but in this case the sales manager learns the problem from his boss. On top of that, Leslie needs to have direct contacts with at least major customers so that he can facilitate their transactions given that the company operates in a very com petitive environment. But in this case, Sam is not able to reach Derek, the sales agent, on phone while at the same time he cannot reach Leslie because it is not indicated that he has direct contact with him. Communication is also supposed to be inclusive and if there is any employee who is going to be affected, then the employee should be the first one to be informed before any other person gets the information (Adair 2011). But in the case of PC+ Le Mary gets the information first before Derek and it is Derek who is directly affected. In addition to that, it is depicted that employees are not able to communicate their problems to the management such that action could be taken to prevent possible losses that may be imminent due to reduction in performance of the troubled employees.Advertising Looking for case study on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Effective Approaches Communication is param ount and the channels of communication play a key role not only in times of crisis, but also in all activities of the company. It is therefore important that any situation be cautiously handled bearing in mind that the mode of communication makes the employees, customers and competitors interpret the message differently (Woodside 2001). PC+ had several problems which needed to be addressed and communication was important. To begin with, the information that an order for coverpoint had delayed is emanating from an associate contrary to the expectation that Leslie should have the information. In this regard, Sam needed an assurance that PC+ treasures him and they were committed on solving the problem while assuring him that the same would not happen again. On top of that, the expectation of Sam from PC+ needed to be increased if his loyalty to PC+ was to be sustained. The theory of sense making insists that, during crisis management needs to show that it is committed and able to tackl e the situation (Maitlis Sonenshein 2010). Additionally, since Leslie had confirmed from the warehouse that coverpoint’s order was due to be shipped the following day, he should have informed Sam before the IAPD meeting because this will show that action has been taken. This would also eliminate the chances of Sam talking badly of PC+ during the meeting. It is PC+’s culture to deliver according to the requirements and within the deadlines except this time round, when Derek has been unable to deliver due to his personal issues. Leslie should have used this as his weapon when communicating with Sam. At the cocktail party, Leslie should have ensured that he talked with Sam and explained each change because after that there is no any other time. The news to Sam must include a definite timeline within which the order will be delivered. Leslie should inform Sam that Mary will be working together with Derek and explain that this was done to ensure that orders do not delay in future. It should be noted that, though it is paramount for Leslie to attend the Hong Kong meeting, going there with definite answer as regards coverpoint’s order should be his main aim in order to protect the image of PC+. On top of that, performance of Derek had declined and this had been attributed to the family problems that Derek was facing. Leslie should have aspired to satisfy Leslie’s needs thus, giving him time off was the best option. In the theory of human motivation, Abraham Maslow states that human beings can be motivated if their needs are satisfied beginning from the very basic ones and moving to the higher ones (Hollyforde Whiddettt 2002).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Organizational Communication Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In tackling the problem of Derek, Leslie was right to apply Maslow’s theory which categorizes human wants in the order in which they sh ould be satisfied to increase their performance. In the theory, physiological needs come first followed by safety needs then belonging/love needs, esteem needs and finally self-actualization needs which improve the performance of an employee. Therefore, unless the belonging needs of Derek, which were in crisis, were satisfied his full potential could not be realized. For that reason, the three months payable leave that Leslie suggested was important to help Derek sort his situation out. However, the mode of communication should have been different from the approach that Leslie used when he discussed the situation with Mary before passing the information to Derek. Communication to employees is very effective if it is from the top, because it increases employees’ confidence besides convincing them that the option is the best (McGregor Gershenfeld 2006). The fact that Mary received the information to take over from Derek before the situation was explained to Derek might have se nt the wrong message to Derek and the other employees. Though Leslie should have allowed Mary to handle Derek’s duties since Derek had a lot of issues to sort, he should have done so in a manner that could not have presented Mary as taking over from Derek, at least until he personally communicated with Derek. On top of that, it is prudential for any aspects of change to be fully explained whether they are positive or negative, and the communication channels should personalize the explanations to address how each employee is affected by the changes (Collins 2009). Leslie did not achieve this because he was racing against time and just delegated Derek’s duties to Mary without any formal communication and explanation. This could have been more effective if Leslie had contacted the head of Melbourne to explain the changes and let the head be the one to explain the changes to other employees. Alternatively, Leslie could have sent a senior employee from the main office to de liver the message and offer explanations at Melbourne thus, limiting negative reception of the changes which were the cause of employee unrest. In addition to that, the information to Derek could easily be delivered by an E-mail because it is faster and confidential (Bidgoli 2010) and this will at the same time explain why he should take sometime off to solve his family issues. However, the mail should not make him feel that he his jeopardizing company affairs, but should portray a lot of expectations in him from the organization and make him feel that the organization treasures him and that is why they are concerned about his state of affairs. This will be inline with the theory of sensemaking.Advertising Looking for case study on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lessons to Learn The situation in which PC+ found itself should serve as a lesson to advice the management about the weaknesses in the communication channels. Firstly, PC+ should implement a two way communication channel which will help in speeding up the flow of information either from the management or from the employees. If this was in place, then the information that Derek’s problems were interfering with his work performance would have reached Leslie early and necessary action taken. On top of that, PC+ management should ensure that all orders are followed up to ensure that delivery is done in time. The lack of this makes the information that coverpoint’s order has delayed than expected get Leslie by surprise while it is expected that, given the significance of coverpoint in the sales of PC+, Leslie should have had the information. On the same point, it is noted that communication between the customers and the organization is not efficient, because despite the fac t that Sam is a very influential customer when his order delays his calls go unanswered. Maintaining close relationship with all customers ensures that any dissatisfaction on the part of the customers is communicated to the right people thus, eliminating the chances of the customers complaining to the competitors (O’Rourke 2009). Moreover, it is important that customers are given the correct Information about the status of their orders besides making sure that their enquiries get feedback immediately. This can be achieved by putting in place a customer call center that will ensure that all customer queries are effectively addressed. Furthermore, the unrest that was exhibited by employees when they learnt that Mary had taken over the functions of Derek was as a result of ineffective communication, where the information seemed to originate from their colleagues instead of emanating from the management. In this regard, the PC+ management should learn that some kinds messages nee d to be communicated using the top down information channel as opposed to the horizontal channel (Daft Marcic 2012). The information that Mary should replace Derek temporarily while Derek goes on leave, should be communicated by a senior official so as to make the employees see the need for it. Technology has also made communication easy and teleconferencing can enable communication of such matters effective (Bidgoli 2010). In conjunction with that, employees need to be motivated to work and their needs should be satisfied if their full potential is to be realized. Therefore, any personal problem affecting an employee should be solved efficiently to enable the employee perform without distraction. In this regard, PC+ needs to put in place mechanisms to ensure that employees are free to communicate their problems to the management so as actions could be taken. This will ensure that employees’ personal problems are discovered early and prevention mechanisms implemented to ensu re that organizational activities are not affected. On the same note, team work in an organization helps in improving organizational performance (Tubtimhin pipe 2009). But this is not the case in PC+ organization, which is depicted when even Mary who sometimes helps Derek is not aware that Coverpoint’s order has not been delivered. Conclusion Communication is very important in any organization and the flow of information not only helps in giving an organization an upper hand in the competitive market, but also determines the success of the firm. Additionally, it is important for any organization to ensure that the channels of communication used are the correct ones, and any information is explained properly to ensure that communication sends the intended meaning. Lack of effective communication channels can easily lead to failure of an organization, and for this reason each organization should ensure that communication is effective and efficient. References Adair, J 2011, Ef fective Communication: The Best Management Skill for All, Pan MacMillan, London. Bidgoli, H 2010, The Handbook of Technology Management: Supply chain Management, John Wiley Sons, Hoboken. Collins, S 2009, Effective Communication: A Workbook for Social Care Workers, Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London. Daft, RL Marcic, D 2012, Understanding Management, Cengage Learning, Stanford. Hollyforde, S. Whiddett, S 2002, Motivation Handbook, CIPD Publishing, London. Maitlis S Sonenshein, S 2010, ‘Sensemaking in Crisis and Change: Inspiration and Insights from Weick (1988)’, Journal of Management Studies, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 551-580. McGregor, D Gershenfeld, JC 2006, The Human Side of Enterprise, McGraw-Hill Professional, New York. O’Rourke, JS 2009, Effective Communication, Dorling Kindersley, London. Tubtimhin, J Pipe, R 2009, Global E-Governance: Advancing E-Governance through Innovation and Leadership, IOS Press, Amsterdam. Woodside, AG 2001, Getting Better at Sen semaking, Emerald Group, Bradford.

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT assignments 1-4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT assignments 1-4 - Essay Example It is an indispensable tool for the economists, investors and analysts to measure the well-being of an economy. Real GDP is different from nominal GDP as it takes into account the inflation, thus producing a better scale of measurement. 2) Define and indicate the significance of the LIBOR. What was the LIBOR at the time you completed the assignment? LIBOR is the London Interbank Offered Rate and it is the rate at which the most creditworthy banks lend funds to each other. It is considered as a benchmark rate in the major countries of the world such as US, UK and Canada. LIBOR is considered as of paramount importance in the corporate world because when the LIBOR increases it creates a financial panic, which tightens the flow of credit and erodes the trust between the banks for their ability to pay each other. In addition to that, all the credit loans such as credit card, mortgages and student loans are dependent on LIBOR therefore it has a direct impact on the consumers. It is estimat ed that $360 trillion of international financial products are based on LIBOR (Reynolds, 2010). Current LIBOR LIBOR 1-Month 3-Months 6 Months 0.26% 0.31% 0.46% Source: LIBOR, other interest rate indexes (Bankrate.com) 3) Define and indicate the significance of the prime rate.